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	<title>Comments for Victorian Afterlives</title>
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	<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com</link>
	<description>A Graduate Seminar @ USC, Summer 2007</description>
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		<title>Comment on The Guilty Reader by rimaor</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/06/16/the-guilty-reader/#comment-1361</link>
		<dc:creator>rimaor</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 04 Dec 2009 01:36:39 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>Comment on Woman in White (Audio Clips) + Creating Primary Posts by sandrar</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/18/woman-in-white-audio-clips-creating-primary-posts/#comment-1360</link>
		<dc:creator>sandrar</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Sep 2009 14:14:06 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>Comment on Victorian Latitude: Lifewriting, Blogs and Technology by Fortress Guy</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/06/25/victorian-latitude-lifewriting-blogs-and-technology/#comment-1359</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2009 22:53:33 +0000</pubDate>
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		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/18/woman-in-white-audio-clips-creating-primary-posts/#comment-1358</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2009 13:10:37 +0000</pubDate>
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		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-1356</link>
		<dc:creator>EviffTrer</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Feb 2009 04:22:13 +0000</pubDate>
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<p>Earning his trust as a buddy is fundamental. Dont disclose your intimate desires and private feelings for him quickly. If he is a true guy, he will never let your amity go, in spite of knowing that you are gay.Give him enough time and space to think over your sexuality. Maybe, this is for the basic time in his life he has heard a man professing dearest for him. So, he will definitely neediness some time to get over with the confusion. He can even become very much scared. Never force him to fall in feeling with you. Instead, get closer to him gradually. Try not to have sex insistently with him by any earnings. Too much of queer persuasion can have tragic consequences. So, be careful.If you are successful in emerging a strong bond of alliance with him, then your process of seducing him gets easier. Once, your camaraderie reaches such a level that you two cannot live without every fresh, then attracting him sexually wont be that testing. Remember the tagline of the awesome herdsman-romance Brokeback Mountain that says Love is a force of nature. The show depicts a unfathomable and loving affection affair between two cowboys. One of them, though straight, could not rule himself from lessening in passion with another man. The force christened honey is so dominant that it can sort one form fall in affection with any other individual; sometimes even the gender of the figure becomes negligible. </p>
<p>[b]other lesbians links:[/b]<br />
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[url=http://forum.gwht.de/viewtopic.php?p=22594#22594]lesbian sex previews [/url]</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;MDaddy&#8217;s &#8216;Another Mediocre Novel??&#8217;&#8221; [reposted as main thread] by taillowin</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-806</link>
		<dc:creator>taillowin</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 24 Nov 2007 21:40:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-806</guid>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;MDaddy&#8217;s &#8216;Another Mediocre Novel??&#8217;&#8221; [reposted as main thread] by FatalulaJot</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-690</link>
		<dc:creator>FatalulaJot</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 02 Nov 2007 08:37:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-690</guid>
		<description>Hello! 
How are you?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hello!<br />
How are you?</p>
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		<title>Comment on REPOST: DAT on Wilde by JosÃ© Serrizuela</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/06/18/repost-dat-on-wilde/#comment-148</link>
		<dc:creator>JosÃ© Serrizuela</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 08 Jul 2007 10:22:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/06/18/repost-dat-on-wilde/#comment-148</guid>
		<description>&lt;strong&gt;Valmet_L-80_Turbo-Vinka&lt;/strong&gt;

Chinese painter Maryland Heights, MO Altnau (Thurgau) Kaimondake volcano Reo Stakis Dioga de Arruda Chkhalta PBD Design Outsourcing Jebel ad-Dayr JosÃ© Serrizuela </description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Valmet_L-80_Turbo-Vinka</strong></p>
<p>Chinese painter Maryland Heights, MO Altnau (Thurgau) Kaimondake volcano Reo Stakis Dioga de Arruda Chkhalta PBD Design Outsourcing Jebel ad-Dayr JosÃ© Serrizuela</p>
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		<title>Comment on The Ethics of Framing by raeanna</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/06/26/the-ethics-of-framing/#comment-128</link>
		<dc:creator>raeanna</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Jun 2007 17:14:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/06/26/the-ethics-of-framing/#comment-128</guid>
		<description>sorry, i still don&#039;t know how to post in main thread and am too late to figure out. sorry! --raeanna 

In light of our class discussions around exemplarity, I am interested in the way Marcus poses a kind of intervention in identitarian attachments to extra-ordinary outsider subjectivities or broader subcultures. By developing her project through “just readings” that linger on the surface of literary texts and an analysis of the often mundane daily record of journals and other lifewriting, Marcus points to the potential problems of constructing historical meaning from archives solely comprised of the sensational (she gives police and legal records as an example) or failing to account for the obvious, the specific, or that which does not fully fit with contemporary identity theories. Critiquing the lesbian continuum theory for “obscuring” differences and “models of subversion and containment” as failing to account for the “play of the system” or the “yield built into systems,” Marcus demonstrates how Victorian women’s relationships actually occupied multiple, overlapping, yet distinct modes that engaged love, eroticism, intimacy, and sexuality in particular ways. 

As I read Between Women, I thought about earlier discussions about how identitarian theories often map out an outside position that can be read as oppositional. In thinking about this, I was particularly interested in Marcus’ formula of the exception that proves the rule and her claims around the differences between subcultures and networks. Part of her departure from the lesbian continuum is that it enforces a sameness that suppresses difference or complexity even as it argues for interconnected diversity. Despite the different positions and expressions of desire and intimacy it maps out, the idea of a continuum renders all gender/sexual expression reducible to one shared spectrum. Marcus indicates that it is precisely the differences among those positions along the continuum that need to be addressed to better understand the complexities of gender and sexuality that defy binary constructions. The idea of an exception that proves the rule causes me again to wonder about our attachments to the exceptional. Why have many theorists resisted discussions of women and queer people as tied into normative relations of intimacy and power? What is at stake in claiming an exceptional relation to the normative? If the exception often proves the rule as Marcus claims, how might we locate resistance to dominant ideologies as coming from somewhere other than an exceptional location? Talking about female marriages, Marcus places women married to women within networks (“a social alliance that whose strength derives from its relative openness and internal variety and from its links to other networks”) rather than necessarily in subcultures (“a type of social group that tends to be organized around a limited number of shared traits that that coheres through its separation from the mainstream.”) I wonder how these notions of openness, separation, linkage and coherence enrich our earlier discussions of subcultural identity and attachments to being marked as outside of the mainstream. Does Marcus’ adaptation of “play of the system” allow for models of social change that might be enacted from within rather than outside of the “mainstream”?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>sorry, i still don&#8217;t know how to post in main thread and am too late to figure out. sorry! &#8211;raeanna </p>
<p>In light of our class discussions around exemplarity, I am interested in the way Marcus poses a kind of intervention in identitarian attachments to extra-ordinary outsider subjectivities or broader subcultures. By developing her project through “just readings” that linger on the surface of literary texts and an analysis of the often mundane daily record of journals and other lifewriting, Marcus points to the potential problems of constructing historical meaning from archives solely comprised of the sensational (she gives police and legal records as an example) or failing to account for the obvious, the specific, or that which does not fully fit with contemporary identity theories. Critiquing the lesbian continuum theory for “obscuring” differences and “models of subversion and containment” as failing to account for the “play of the system” or the “yield built into systems,” Marcus demonstrates how Victorian women’s relationships actually occupied multiple, overlapping, yet distinct modes that engaged love, eroticism, intimacy, and sexuality in particular ways. </p>
<p>As I read Between Women, I thought about earlier discussions about how identitarian theories often map out an outside position that can be read as oppositional. In thinking about this, I was particularly interested in Marcus’ formula of the exception that proves the rule and her claims around the differences between subcultures and networks. Part of her departure from the lesbian continuum is that it enforces a sameness that suppresses difference or complexity even as it argues for interconnected diversity. Despite the different positions and expressions of desire and intimacy it maps out, the idea of a continuum renders all gender/sexual expression reducible to one shared spectrum. Marcus indicates that it is precisely the differences among those positions along the continuum that need to be addressed to better understand the complexities of gender and sexuality that defy binary constructions. The idea of an exception that proves the rule causes me again to wonder about our attachments to the exceptional. Why have many theorists resisted discussions of women and queer people as tied into normative relations of intimacy and power? What is at stake in claiming an exceptional relation to the normative? If the exception often proves the rule as Marcus claims, how might we locate resistance to dominant ideologies as coming from somewhere other than an exceptional location? Talking about female marriages, Marcus places women married to women within networks (“a social alliance that whose strength derives from its relative openness and internal variety and from its links to other networks”) rather than necessarily in subcultures (“a type of social group that tends to be organized around a limited number of shared traits that that coheres through its separation from the mainstream.”) I wonder how these notions of openness, separation, linkage and coherence enrich our earlier discussions of subcultural identity and attachments to being marked as outside of the mainstream. Does Marcus’ adaptation of “play of the system” allow for models of social change that might be enacted from within rather than outside of the “mainstream”?</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;MDaddy&#8217;s &#8216;Another Mediocre Novel??&#8217;&#8221; [reposted as main thread] by DAT</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-126</link>
		<dc:creator>DAT</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Jun 2007 12:00:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-126</guid>
		<description>Reading Between Women this week, I was reminded of several thematic threads that have been at the heart of the course, especially the complexities of female friendship, prevailing notions of domesticity and the intense societal need to “categorize” relations between women.  Marcus’s details of Victorian lifewriting as both a personal endeavor and a cultural custom reveal much about ordinary daily life, and I was fascinated by the language she uses to describe the practice: “Preformatted diaries adopted features of almanacs and account books, and journals synchronized personal life with the external rhythms of the clock, the calendar, and the household, not the unpredictable pulse of the heart.”  (35)  The notion of diary as accounting book reminded me of Wilde’s De Profundis, a blend of both personal remembrances and bookkeeping ledger.  The language of finance and labor comes up quite a bit throughout Marcus’s book and I would like to return to this idea in a moment, but for now I’d like to consider some issues of Victorian domestic life that she brings up in the text.  For example, the women that Marcus describes in chapter one are each so varied in many ways—age, life experiences and expectations—yet she seems to be saying that they each want to adhere, at least in some ways and some more than others, to the prevailing model of domesticity.  This left me with a lot of questions—Is it that the framework of the household as it stands (and has stood since before Victorian times) is so deeply ingrained that there is no real way for these women to break out of it and reconstruct it to suit different life choices, experiences, and preferences?  (If that is what they want to do, that is.)  In attempting to reimagine a new configuration of home life, and the relationships that define it, what other variations were possible for Victorian women?  Did they try different forms of domesticity and if so what has been written about it?  (Can someone suggest some reading material on this?)
	I was also deeply interested in Marcus’s idea of friendship as a form of labor.  She writes, “A woman who had a close friend was able to display that she could afford to lavish time and attention on someone who did not directly promote her interests.  As such, paradoxically, sentimental friendship became a form of labor, for the middle class values that discouraged women from waged employment taught them to consider emotional work their business.”  (69)  We’ve explored different variations of labor and its attendant forces throughout the class, including both consumption and use value (Wilde and his meticulous recordkeeping comes to mind here again.)  And while she doesn’t expand much on this particular aspect of the topic, I wonder what more can be said about the “market” of friendship.  Friendship by its very nature relies upon and to a certain extent requires some degree of reciprocity (something Marcus does address later in the text) to ensure both its longevity and its viability.  Wilde pointed to an unpardonable lack of reciprocity in his relationship with Bosie, as did Meredith in “Modern Love” when he gave an accounting of the failed marriage.  Though both are dealing primarily with men (as opposed to the women Marcus writes extensively about) and both pieces deal with ruined love and the aftermath of their respective relationships, it can be argued that friendship formed the initial bond that brought these couples together, and it was the blatant disregard for, and dismissal of, the most basic rules governing friendship—consideration for the other—that led to the demise of both relationships.  That said, it is important to consider how friendship can produce power struggles and how in some ways, class is still an issue that needs to be addressed in the female  friendships Marcus discusses in the book.  
	As she points out in the quote above, the notion of (self) interest was not far from the Victorian lady’s mind when she formed friendships and assessed their “market value”, however consciously or not she thought of it in those terms.  Under this framework, and given the parameters of feminine friendship that Marcus lays out, the negotiation of power and class had to be dealt with in a suitable manner and I wonder how this played out in daily life.  For example, could a rich woman befriend a poor one, and if so, what were the politics of such an alliance?  Marcus mentions Browning’s anxiety about “avoid[ing] reducing the working class female friend to a mere accessory of the heroine’s marriage plot” (94) and asserts that “[a]n unpaid debt…establishes a social connection and a balance of power between giver and receiver” (95) but not much else is discussed here in terms of power dynamics and how that works out in the realm of feminine friendship. 
     The notion of this giving &quot;benefactor&quot; can be linked with the hero and rescue motif Marcus brings up in chapter two to discuss the literary presentations of Victorian friendship.  She cites Vladimir Propp’s work on folklore, including the recurring archetypes that are necessary for plot development.  She writes, ”Like the donor or helper in Vladimir Propp’s analysis of the folklore, the female friend is not a static or dispensable secondary character but one with a crucial role to play in achieving the marriage plot’s end.”  (79)  It is interesting to note that “donor” and “helper” can both have monetary connotations and fit well with the labor-market-rescuer argument I’m tracing here.  These essential female characters &quot;work&quot; (yet another term of labor) to ensure a happy ending.  She argues, “Female friendship generates the novel’s final marriage between a man and a woman, but given the ways that the male hero is also a female one, that ultimate marriage can itself be read as a female friendship.”  (90)  The idea of the woman rescuing the other woman subverts traditional notions of the Prince Charming rescue motif and ultimately serves to empower the rescuer.  Here, as Marcus points out, the rescuer could be the woman providing monetary support, clever assistance or sisterly guidance.  But again, if we think of her value  within  the system of exchange I see transpiring, her “worth” is therefore higher because she serves an important function within the economy of friendship.  Yet, other questions arise here—is she empowered because she “saved” the woman, or because she took over the traditionally male role and inhabited the space normally delineated for the man?  And does the same paradigm exist for Victorian women as it does for their literary counterparts?  
	There is so much to consider in Marcus’s book—her brief foray into female fandom on pages 60-61 is also quite interesting as she begins to consider the implications of the feminine gaze and its different manifestations, including the varying ways to read the female habit of “looking” at other women that don’t dwell on competition, jealousy or inadequacy.  Ultimately, she points out, “Victorian novels do indeed depend on the union of a man and a woman for their narrative structure—but that union does not negate bonds between women.”  (76)  After all her examples, I like her fundamental assertion that Victorian friendship, despite attempts to devalue it, nonetheless manages to not only endure but promote the values of lasting feminine friendship.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Reading Between Women this week, I was reminded of several thematic threads that have been at the heart of the course, especially the complexities of female friendship, prevailing notions of domesticity and the intense societal need to “categorize” relations between women.  Marcus’s details of Victorian lifewriting as both a personal endeavor and a cultural custom reveal much about ordinary daily life, and I was fascinated by the language she uses to describe the practice: “Preformatted diaries adopted features of almanacs and account books, and journals synchronized personal life with the external rhythms of the clock, the calendar, and the household, not the unpredictable pulse of the heart.”  (35)  The notion of diary as accounting book reminded me of Wilde’s De Profundis, a blend of both personal remembrances and bookkeeping ledger.  The language of finance and labor comes up quite a bit throughout Marcus’s book and I would like to return to this idea in a moment, but for now I’d like to consider some issues of Victorian domestic life that she brings up in the text.  For example, the women that Marcus describes in chapter one are each so varied in many ways—age, life experiences and expectations—yet she seems to be saying that they each want to adhere, at least in some ways and some more than others, to the prevailing model of domesticity.  This left me with a lot of questions—Is it that the framework of the household as it stands (and has stood since before Victorian times) is so deeply ingrained that there is no real way for these women to break out of it and reconstruct it to suit different life choices, experiences, and preferences?  (If that is what they want to do, that is.)  In attempting to reimagine a new configuration of home life, and the relationships that define it, what other variations were possible for Victorian women?  Did they try different forms of domesticity and if so what has been written about it?  (Can someone suggest some reading material on this?)<br />
	I was also deeply interested in Marcus’s idea of friendship as a form of labor.  She writes, “A woman who had a close friend was able to display that she could afford to lavish time and attention on someone who did not directly promote her interests.  As such, paradoxically, sentimental friendship became a form of labor, for the middle class values that discouraged women from waged employment taught them to consider emotional work their business.”  (69)  We’ve explored different variations of labor and its attendant forces throughout the class, including both consumption and use value (Wilde and his meticulous recordkeeping comes to mind here again.)  And while she doesn’t expand much on this particular aspect of the topic, I wonder what more can be said about the “market” of friendship.  Friendship by its very nature relies upon and to a certain extent requires some degree of reciprocity (something Marcus does address later in the text) to ensure both its longevity and its viability.  Wilde pointed to an unpardonable lack of reciprocity in his relationship with Bosie, as did Meredith in “Modern Love” when he gave an accounting of the failed marriage.  Though both are dealing primarily with men (as opposed to the women Marcus writes extensively about) and both pieces deal with ruined love and the aftermath of their respective relationships, it can be argued that friendship formed the initial bond that brought these couples together, and it was the blatant disregard for, and dismissal of, the most basic rules governing friendship—consideration for the other—that led to the demise of both relationships.  That said, it is important to consider how friendship can produce power struggles and how in some ways, class is still an issue that needs to be addressed in the female  friendships Marcus discusses in the book.<br />
	As she points out in the quote above, the notion of (self) interest was not far from the Victorian lady’s mind when she formed friendships and assessed their “market value”, however consciously or not she thought of it in those terms.  Under this framework, and given the parameters of feminine friendship that Marcus lays out, the negotiation of power and class had to be dealt with in a suitable manner and I wonder how this played out in daily life.  For example, could a rich woman befriend a poor one, and if so, what were the politics of such an alliance?  Marcus mentions Browning’s anxiety about “avoid[ing] reducing the working class female friend to a mere accessory of the heroine’s marriage plot” (94) and asserts that “[a]n unpaid debt…establishes a social connection and a balance of power between giver and receiver” (95) but not much else is discussed here in terms of power dynamics and how that works out in the realm of feminine friendship.<br />
     The notion of this giving &#8220;benefactor&#8221; can be linked with the hero and rescue motif Marcus brings up in chapter two to discuss the literary presentations of Victorian friendship.  She cites Vladimir Propp’s work on folklore, including the recurring archetypes that are necessary for plot development.  She writes, ”Like the donor or helper in Vladimir Propp’s analysis of the folklore, the female friend is not a static or dispensable secondary character but one with a crucial role to play in achieving the marriage plot’s end.”  (79)  It is interesting to note that “donor” and “helper” can both have monetary connotations and fit well with the labor-market-rescuer argument I’m tracing here.  These essential female characters &#8220;work&#8221; (yet another term of labor) to ensure a happy ending.  She argues, “Female friendship generates the novel’s final marriage between a man and a woman, but given the ways that the male hero is also a female one, that ultimate marriage can itself be read as a female friendship.”  (90)  The idea of the woman rescuing the other woman subverts traditional notions of the Prince Charming rescue motif and ultimately serves to empower the rescuer.  Here, as Marcus points out, the rescuer could be the woman providing monetary support, clever assistance or sisterly guidance.  But again, if we think of her value  within  the system of exchange I see transpiring, her “worth” is therefore higher because she serves an important function within the economy of friendship.  Yet, other questions arise here—is she empowered because she “saved” the woman, or because she took over the traditionally male role and inhabited the space normally delineated for the man?  And does the same paradigm exist for Victorian women as it does for their literary counterparts?<br />
	There is so much to consider in Marcus’s book—her brief foray into female fandom on pages 60-61 is also quite interesting as she begins to consider the implications of the feminine gaze and its different manifestations, including the varying ways to read the female habit of “looking” at other women that don’t dwell on competition, jealousy or inadequacy.  Ultimately, she points out, “Victorian novels do indeed depend on the union of a man and a woman for their narrative structure—but that union does not negate bonds between women.”  (76)  After all her examples, I like her fundamental assertion that Victorian friendship, despite attempts to devalue it, nonetheless manages to not only endure but promote the values of lasting feminine friendship.</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;MDaddy&#8217;s &#8216;Another Mediocre Novel??&#8217;&#8221; [reposted as main thread] by Virginia</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-123</link>
		<dc:creator>Virginia</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Jun 2007 07:17:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-123</guid>
		<description>I think the fundamental point that Carla is trying to make is that past hierarchies that privilege certain forms and denigrate others contain certain prejudices, prejudices that valorize the forms of dominant cultural expression and denigrate the forms that are not concurrent with a reinforcement of dominant forms of meaning making which in turn reinforce dominant forms of power.  Forgetting that you don&#039;t like strawberry ice cream in relation to vanilla (I&#039;m guessing?) is so different from forgetting that you don&#039;t like realism in relation to abstraction as to be a non-sensical comparison.  I don&#039;t know Professor Perloff, but from what I have heard of her she would certainly think that upholding sexist, classist, Eurocentric standards of &#039;good/bad&#039; without interrogating the basis of the judgment is downright irresponsible.  But I don&#039;t know her, so that is just a guess.  

You say &quot;As critics, we have to take responsibility for such things and the logic we use to defend them. Otherwise we’re no longer ‘critics.’&quot;  I want to raise a point that Angela Davis made when a member of the audience at a recent talk asked her what feminism is (and I think it is useful in the sense that the kind of criticism we are talking about in this class, cultural criticism, is at this point in time heavily influenced by feminism, though of course I realize this hasn&#039;t always been the case).  She said that feminism is a commitment to criticality and a search for social justice.  &quot;As critics, we have to take responsibility for such things and the logic we use to defend them.&quot;  This means owning up to the times when the judgments we use are harmful.  When they lead to the invalidation of certain forms that aren&#039;t the dominant forms.  Like when the English denigrated things on the basis of provinciality, when the Irish were defined as provincial.  Or something, I have to plead ignorance on the details and say I made that up as a hypothetical example, like Barthes&#039; &quot;Japan.&quot;  Carla is calling for what you call for, taking responsibility for the injustice of past standards.  Which you start of your post asking us to ignore, to ignore the oftentimes detrimental effects of our judgments.  Which seems the antithesis of taking responsibility.  But maybe I&#039;m confused, you know, without any pictures.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think the fundamental point that Carla is trying to make is that past hierarchies that privilege certain forms and denigrate others contain certain prejudices, prejudices that valorize the forms of dominant cultural expression and denigrate the forms that are not concurrent with a reinforcement of dominant forms of meaning making which in turn reinforce dominant forms of power.  Forgetting that you don&#8217;t like strawberry ice cream in relation to vanilla (I&#8217;m guessing?) is so different from forgetting that you don&#8217;t like realism in relation to abstraction as to be a non-sensical comparison.  I don&#8217;t know Professor Perloff, but from what I have heard of her she would certainly think that upholding sexist, classist, Eurocentric standards of &#8216;good/bad&#8217; without interrogating the basis of the judgment is downright irresponsible.  But I don&#8217;t know her, so that is just a guess.  </p>
<p>You say &#8220;As critics, we have to take responsibility for such things and the logic we use to defend them. Otherwise we’re no longer ‘critics.’&#8221;  I want to raise a point that Angela Davis made when a member of the audience at a recent talk asked her what feminism is (and I think it is useful in the sense that the kind of criticism we are talking about in this class, cultural criticism, is at this point in time heavily influenced by feminism, though of course I realize this hasn&#8217;t always been the case).  She said that feminism is a commitment to criticality and a search for social justice.  &#8220;As critics, we have to take responsibility for such things and the logic we use to defend them.&#8221;  This means owning up to the times when the judgments we use are harmful.  When they lead to the invalidation of certain forms that aren&#8217;t the dominant forms.  Like when the English denigrated things on the basis of provinciality, when the Irish were defined as provincial.  Or something, I have to plead ignorance on the details and say I made that up as a hypothetical example, like Barthes&#8217; &#8220;Japan.&#8221;  Carla is calling for what you call for, taking responsibility for the injustice of past standards.  Which you start of your post asking us to ignore, to ignore the oftentimes detrimental effects of our judgments.  Which seems the antithesis of taking responsibility.  But maybe I&#8217;m confused, you know, without any pictures.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Victorian Latitude: Lifewriting, Blogs and Technology by Media Sheep</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/06/25/victorian-latitude-lifewriting-blogs-and-technology/#comment-121</link>
		<dc:creator>Media Sheep</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Jun 2007 00:02:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/06/25/victorian-latitude-lifewriting-blogs-and-technology/#comment-121</guid>
		<description>Interestingly enough, though the Victorians may not have had &quot;computers&quot; per se, it&#039;s interesting to note that Ada Lovelace (also known as the legit daughter of Lord Byron [1815-1852]) is acknowledged by some for having written the first ever computer program for Charles Babbage&#039;s analytical engine. Awesome.

AW</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Interestingly enough, though the Victorians may not have had &#8220;computers&#8221; per se, it&#8217;s interesting to note that Ada Lovelace (also known as the legit daughter of Lord Byron [1815-1852]) is acknowledged by some for having written the first ever computer program for Charles Babbage&#8217;s analytical engine. Awesome.</p>
<p>AW</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;MDaddy&#8217;s &#8216;Another Mediocre Novel??&#8217;&#8221; [reposted as main thread] by MDaddy</title>
		<link>http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-116</link>
		<dc:creator>MDaddy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 24 Jun 2007 14:56:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://victorianafterlives.wordpress.com/2007/05/23/mdaddys-another-mediocre-novel-reposted-as-main-thread/#comment-116</guid>
		<description>I&#039;ll respond to the above statement since it was reposted...

Carla said:

&quot;Don&#039;t we all, as critics, need to erase past lessons? Forget what&#039;s &quot;good,&quot; or what&#039;s &quot;bad?&quot;  Like Maud, erase some &quot;matter&quot; from the palimpsest of past lessons and start anew?&quot;

OK, &#039;palimpsest&#039; is a pretty big word for me, so I&#039;ll have to sound it out with phonics...naturally, from what I remember of it.  Erase past lessons?  What?  Are you kidding me?  Ask Marjorie Perloff that question and I think we all know what the response would be.  A hearty (and very brief) laugh.  The logical structure of the above statement is analogous to the following questions:  Why can&#039;t I forget that I don&#039;t like strawberry ice cream?  Or polka music?  Or Aunt Sally&#039;s meatloaf?  Why can&#039;t I seem to shake the idea that rolling around in a patch of poison oak is brilliant fun? 

 Why would anyone forget what he or she doesn&#039;t like?  I&#039;m not sure it&#039;s at all possible...

Don&#039;t we all, as critics, need to recognize ridiculous questions and meaningless statements?  Aren&#039;t we in the business to make claims about what is good and bad?  Isn&#039;t that what we do in our capacity as teachers in grading student papers?  In a way, earning the PhD is about finally obtaining the &#039;professionalism&#039; and &#039;credibility&#039; to make claims about that which is good and bad...certainly, our students will take our statements on such things very seriously...Don&#039;t we think that certain personal life choices are better than others?  Don&#039;t we pursue our interests b/c we think they are &#039;good&#039;?   

Prefererences and choices are a fact of the human condition.  Making choices about &#039;good&#039; and bad&#039; are facts of evolution--it&#039;s an ability which has led to our survival (for good or bad).  As critics, we have to take responsibility for such things and the logic we use to defend them.  Otherwise we&#039;re no longer &#039;critics.&#039; 

And I wish I could respond like so many folks on this blog do: &quot;I love you,&quot;  &quot;I love you girls,&quot; or &quot;I feel that.&quot;  Gee, that&#039;s great.  Just swell.  The Ya-Ya Sisterhood thrives...</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ll respond to the above statement since it was reposted&#8230;</p>
<p>Carla said:</p>
<p>&#8220;Don&#8217;t we all, as critics, need to erase past lessons? Forget what&#8217;s &#8220;good,&#8221; or what&#8217;s &#8220;bad?&#8221;  Like Maud, erase some &#8220;matter&#8221; from the palimpsest of past lessons and start anew?&#8221;</p>
<p>OK, &#8216;palimpsest&#8217; is a pretty big word for me, so I&#8217;ll have to sound it out with phonics&#8230;naturally, from what I remember of it.  Erase past lessons?  What?  Are you kidding me?  Ask Marjorie Perloff that question and I think we all know what the response would be.  A hearty (and very brief) laugh.  The logical structure of the above statement is analogous to the following questions:  Why can&#8217;t I forget that I don&#8217;t like strawberry ice cream?  Or polka music?  Or Aunt Sally&#8217;s meatloaf?  Why can&#8217;t I seem to shake the idea that rolling around in a patch of poison oak is brilliant fun? </p>
<p> Why would anyone forget what he or she doesn&#8217;t like?  I&#8217;m not sure it&#8217;s at all possible&#8230;</p>
<p>Don&#8217;t we all, as critics, need to recognize ridiculous questions and meaningless statements?  Aren&#8217;t we in the business to make claims about what is good and bad?  Isn&#8217;t that what we do in our capacity as teachers in grading student papers?  In a way, earning the PhD is about finally obtaining the &#8216;professionalism&#8217; and &#8216;credibility&#8217; to make claims about that which is good and bad&#8230;certainly, our students will take our statements on such things very seriously&#8230;Don&#8217;t we think that certain personal life choices are better than others?  Don&#8217;t we pursue our interests b/c we think they are &#8216;good&#8217;?   </p>
<p>Prefererences and choices are a fact of the human condition.  Making choices about &#8216;good&#8217; and bad&#8217; are facts of evolution&#8211;it&#8217;s an ability which has led to our survival (for good or bad).  As critics, we have to take responsibility for such things and the logic we use to defend them.  Otherwise we&#8217;re no longer &#8216;critics.&#8217; </p>
<p>And I wish I could respond like so many folks on this blog do: &#8220;I love you,&#8221;  &#8220;I love you girls,&#8221; or &#8220;I feel that.&#8221;  Gee, that&#8217;s great.  Just swell.  The Ya-Ya Sisterhood thrives&#8230;</p>
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